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Income Tax Calculator
Calculate your income tax, payroll taxes, and take-home pay for the UK or US.
UK & US Federal
UK tax bands, NI, PAYE — or US brackets, FICA, and 401(k)
Full Deductions Breakdown
Income tax, payroll taxes, pension/401(k), and student loans
Effective & Marginal Rates
Know your true tax rate and what you pay on the next pound or dollar
Calculate Your Income Tax
Enter your salary to see a full breakdown of income tax, payroll taxes, and take-home pay.
Income Tax Bands & Brackets Reference
England, Wales & Northern Ireland
| Band | Rate | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Personal Allowance | 0% | Up to £12,570 |
| Basic Rate | 20% | £12,571 - £50,270 |
| Higher Rate | 40% | £50,271 - £125,140 |
| Additional Rate | 45% | Over £125,140 |
Scotland
| Band | Rate | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Personal Allowance | 0% | Up to £12,570 |
| Starter Rate | 19% | £12,571 - £14,876 |
| Basic Rate | 20% | £14,877 - £26,561 |
| Intermediate | 21% | £26,562 - £43,662 |
| Higher Rate | 42% | £43,663 - £75,000 |
| Advanced Rate | 45% | £75,001 - £125,140 |
| Top Rate | 48% | Over £125,140 |
US Federal Tax Brackets 2025 (Single Filer)
| Rate | Taxable Income Over |
|---|---|
| 10% | $0 |
| 12% | $11,925 |
| 22% | $48,475 |
| 24% | $103,350 |
| 32% | $197,300 |
| 35% | $250,525 |
| 37% | $626,350 |
Standard deduction: $15,000 (single), $30,000 (married jointly). Brackets differ by filing status — select your status in the calculator above.
How Income Tax Works: UK vs US
United Kingdom
UK income tax uses progressive bands — you only pay each rate on income within that band. The personal allowance (£12,570) is tax-free but tapers above £100,000. National Insurance (8%/2%) is an additional payroll tax. Scotland sets its own rates with more bands than England/Wales.
United States (Federal)
US federal tax has seven brackets (10% to 37%) that vary by filing status. The standard deduction ($15,000 single, $30,000 married) reduces taxable income. FICA payroll tax (6.2% Social Security + 1.45% Medicare) applies separately. State taxes are additional and not included here.
How to Use This Income Tax Calculator
Enter Your Salary
Your gross annual salary before any deductions.
Select Your Options
Choose UK or US, then set your filing status and deductions.
See Your Breakdown
Full breakdown with take-home pay, bands, and visual split.
Ways to Reduce Your Income Tax Bill
- Pension / 401(k) contributions. In the UK, salary sacrifice into a pension saves both income tax and NI. In the US, traditional 401(k) contributions reduce federal taxable income (up to $23,500 for 2025, or $31,000 if 50+).
- Tax-advantaged accounts. UK: ISAs (£20,000/year) shelter gains and dividends from all tax. US: Roth IRA contributions grow tax-free, and HSAs offer a triple tax advantage.
- Filing status matters (US). Married Filing Jointly has wider brackets and a larger standard deduction than Single. Head of Household status offers better rates than Single if you qualify.
- Check your withholding. UK: verify your tax code (standard 1257L for 2025/26). US: review your W-4 form to ensure the right amount is withheld — large refunds mean you are giving the government an interest-free loan.
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